Isiteshi sokuqala sikagesi 'emibhoshongo engamawele nomshini owodwa' emhlabeni jikelele samandla okushisa ashisayo
Ukuqaliswa kokusebenza kombhoshongo osentshonalanga wesiteshi samandla kagesi ashisayo asebenzisa ilanga kuqedwe ngempumelelo
Ngomhla lu-1 kuMfumfu, indawo yokuqala emhlabeni "yemibhoshongo emibili neyunithi eyodwa" yamandla okugcina amandla elanga ashisayo yangena esigabeni sokugcina sokugunyazwa, esizohlola lonke uhlelo.
Lesi siteshi sikagesi sinemibhoshongo emibili ebamba ukushisa engamamitha angu-200 kanye nezibuko ezicishe zibe ngu-27000 zelanga. Ngemva kokulungisa iphutha lesistimu, ingakwazi ukuzuza ukunikezwa kwamandla okungaphazamiseki kwamahora angu-24.
Isibuko ngasinye sokushona kwelanga sifana ne-sunflower ejaha ukukhanya: ekuseni, lapho ilanga lishona ngasempumalanga, isibuko sibheke empumalanga ukuze sithumele ukukhanya e-East Tower; Ntambama, njengoba ilanga lishona ngasentshonalanga, ngokushesha baphendulela amakhanda abo ukuze bakhonze uMbhoshongo WaseNtshonalanga, baqinisekise ukuthi ukukhanya kwelanga akuhambi kungenalutho emikhawulweni yomibili.
I-Twin Towers kanye Nomshini Owodwa: I-Innovation yase-China kanye Nenguquko Yamandla Esitorejini Samandla Ashisayo Solar
Ngo-Okthoba 2025, isiteshi samandla ashisayo sokugcina amandla elanga sokuqala emhlabeni sangena esivivinyweni esigcwele sohlelo eGuazhou, eGansu. Imibhoshongo emibili emunca ukushisa ephezulu engamamitha angu-200 yakhanyiswa kanyekanye oGwadule LwaseGobi, okuphawula impumelelo yaseShayina emfanekisweni wendabuko othi "umbhoshongo owodwa, umshini owodwa" emkhakheni wokukhiqiza amandla ashisayo elanga nokuvula indlela entsha yokusebenzisa amandla amasha. Le phrojekthi entsha, eyakhiwe yi-Three Gorges Hengji Energy, akuyona nje iphrojekthi eyinhloko yesisekelo esikhulu sezwe "Shagehuang", kodwa futhi ichaza kabusha ikusasa lezentengiselwano lokugcinwa kwamandla ashisayo elanga ngomklamo oyingqayizivele wezobuchwepheshe.
Ukuqamba okusha okuyisisekelo kokuthi "I-Twin Towers kanye Nomshini Owodwa" kusekuhlelweni "kwemibhoshongo emibili edonsa ukushisa+isethi eyodwa yamayunithi akhiqiza umshini ophehla umusi". Esizeni sephrojekthi, ama-heliostat acishe abe ngu-27000 akha inkundla yesibuko esiyindilinga enezingxenye ezigqagqene empumalanga nasentshonalanga, enendawo yokukhanyisa ewu-800000 wamamitha-skwele, okulingana nobukhulu bezinkundla zebhola eziyi-112. Lezi zibuko, ezenziwe ngengilazi emhlophe kakhulu, zinekhono lokubonisa elingu-94% futhi zingakwazi ukulandelela umkhondo welanga ngesikhathi sangempela. Indawo egqagqene yama-heliostats iqondisa ukukhanya kwelanga kumbhoshongo osempumalanga ekuseni bese ijikela embhoshongweni osentshonalanga ntambama, ifinyelela ukuqoqwa kokushisa okuphumelelayo usuku lonke ngobuchwepheshe bokugxila obuguqukayo. Uma kuqhathaniswa neziteshi zamandla ezivamile zombhoshongo owodwa, lo mklamo uthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokubona kwendawo yesibuko cishe ngama-24%, welula isikhathi sokuphehlwa kukagesi esisebenzayo nsuku zonke sisuka emahoreni angu-8 siye ngaphezu kwamahora angu-12, futhi sikhulisa ukuphehlwa kukagesi ngonyaka cishe ngama-50%.
Isistimu yokugcina amandla kasawoti oncibilikisiwe iwukhiye wokuthola ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla kagesi amahora angama-24-ezimbonini zikagesi. Umbhoshongo wokumunca ukushisa uguqula amandla elanga abe{13}}amandla okushisa aphezulu ku-565℃, agcinwe kusawoti oncibilikisiwe oklanywe ngokukhethekile. Leli fomula likasawoti elincibilikisiwe elithuthukiswe ekhaya e-China linokumelana nezinga lokushisa elingu-570 degree, elidlula kude izinga elivamile lamazwe ngamazwe elingu-500 degree, futhi linendawo yokuqandisa ephansi, igwema ukuvaleka kwamapayipi ebusika. Izindleko zehliswe ngo-40% uma kuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo evela kwamanye amazwe. Lonke isistimu yesitoreji esishisayo ingagcina amandla okushisa angafinyelela{18}}amahora angu-6 okukhiqiza amandla okukhiqiza amandla eyunithi ye-kilowatt engu-100000. Uma igridi yamandla ilidinga, usawoti oncibilikisiwe onezinga eliphezulu lokushisa ukhiqiza isitimu ngesistimu yokushintshanisa ukushisa ukuze ushayele ukusebenza kweyunithi yegenerator ye-steam turbine, ngesivinini sokuphendula esisheshayo namandla okukhiphayo azinzile. Uhlelo lokujikeleza olwakhiwe ngamapayipi abomvu naluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngaphakathi kombhoshongo kufana nemithambo yegazi "yelanga lokwenziwa". Ithumela usawoti oncibilikisiwe obandayo ongu-200℃phezulu kombhoshongo ukuze ufudumale, bese ithumela usawoti oncibilikisiwe ongu-600℃oncibilikisiwe ethangini lokugcina ukuze kuqedelwe ukugcinwa kwamandla nokuguqulwa.
Njengomongo wephrojekthi ye-"Solar Thermal Energy Storage+" engu-700000 kW, lesi siteshi sikagesi sakha uhlelo oluhlanganisa amandla amaningi namandla omoya angu-400000 kW kanye namandla e-photovoltaic angu-200000 kW. Endabeni yokukhishwa kwamandla okungazinzile komoya kanye ne-photovoltaic, isitoreji samandla ashisayo elanga singakhulula ngokushesha amandla okushisa ukuze sigcwalise igebe lokunikezwa kwamandla nokuqinisekisa imvamisa yegridi ezinzile. Ngemva kokuthi iphrojekthi isiqalile ukusebenza, kulindeleke ukuthi ihlinzeke ngama-kilowatt amahora angu-1.8 kagesi ohlanzekile ngonyaka, okulingana nokusetshenziswa kukagesi ngonyaka ezindlini ezingu-600000, kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kwe-carbon dioxide ngamathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.53, futhi kwehlise izindleko zikagesi zibe ngu-0.35 yuan nge-kilowatt ngehora, ukusondela ezingeni}lomlilo wamalahle{10}. Lokhu kuzosusa isitoreji samandla ashisayo elanga sisuke kuphrojekthi yokubonisa siye kumodeli yebhizinisi ephindaphindekayo.
Kusukela ekuphumeni kwemibhoshongo emibili ngo-2023 kuya ekusebenzeni okuphelele kwesistimu ngo-2025, iphrojekthi inqobe ubuchwepheshe obuningi be-"bottleneck" obufana{2}}nokushayela ngokunemba okuphezulu kwe-heliostat kanye{3}}nombala ophezulu{3}}okumelana nezinga lokushisa lombhoshongo omunca ukushisa, ukufeza ukwenziwa kwasendaweni kwezinto zokusebenza eziyinhloko. Ngokuzayo, i-Guazhou izophinde ihlole "imibhoshongo emithathu nomshini owodwa" kanye "namamodeli wemibhoshongo emine nomshini owodwa" ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lokusetshenziswa kwenkundla yesibuko. Le "lighthouse yamandla" emi oGwadule LwaseGobi ayibonisi nje kuphela inani elilawulayo lokugcinwa kwamandla okushisa elanga ezisekelweni zamandla amasha, kodwa futhi inikeza{6}}izindleko eziphansi futhi eziphezulu{7}}isixazululo se-Chinese sokuguqulwa kwamandla emhlabeni jikelele.
